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Evolutionary genomics of epidemic visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent

IR@IICB: CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata

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Title Evolutionary genomics of epidemic visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent
 
Creator Imamura, Hideo
Downing, Tim
Broeck, Frederik Van den
Sanders, Mandy J
Rijal, Suman
Sundar, Shyam
Mannaert, An
Cuypers, Bart
Maes, Ilse
Domagalska, Malgorzata
Decuypere, Saskia
Rai, Keshav
Uranw, Surendra
Roy, Syamal
 
Subject Infectious Diseases and Immunology
 
Description Leishmania donovani causes visceral leishmaniasis (VL), the second most deadly vector-borne parasitic disease. A recent epidemic in the Indian subcontinent (ISC) caused up to 80% ofglobal VL and over 30,000 deaths per year. Resistance against antimonial drugs has probably been a contributing factor in the persistence of this epidemic. Here we use whole genome sequences from 204 clinical isolates to track the evolution and epidemiology of L. donovani from the ISC. We identify independent radiations that have emerged since a bottleneck coincident with 1960s DDT spraying campaigns. A genetically distinct population frequently resistant to antimonials has a two base-pair insertion in the aquaglyceroporin gene LdAQP1 that prevents the transport of trivalent antimonials. We find evidence of genetic exchange between ISC populations, and show that the mutation in LdAQP1 has spread by recombination. Our results reveal the complexity of L. donovani evolution in the ISC in response to drug treatment.
 
Date 2016
 
Type Article
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Identifier http://www.eprints.iicb.res.in/2488/1/ELIFE__Vo.__5__Article_Number__e12613_2016.pdf
Imamura, Hideo and Downing, Tim and Broeck, Frederik Van den and Sanders, Mandy J and Rijal, Suman and Sundar, Shyam and Mannaert, An and Cuypers, Bart and Maes, Ilse and Domagalska, Malgorzata and Decuypere, Saskia and Rai, Keshav and Uranw, Surendra and Roy, Syamal (2016) Evolutionary genomics of epidemic visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent. eLife, 5 (e12613). 01p. -39.
 
Relation http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.12613
http://www.eprints.iicb.res.in/2488/