Role of matrix metalloproteinases and cytokines during Helicobacter pylori infection
IR@IICB: CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata
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| Title |
Role of matrix metalloproteinases and cytokines during Helicobacter pylori infection
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| Creator |
Ghosh, Nillu
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| Subject |
Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division
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| Description |
The possible existence of bacteria in human stomach was believed for more than a century. These bacteria, however, were thought to be ingested from food rather than
true gastric colonizers. By the late 19th and early 20th centuries, several investigators had reported the presence of spiral microorganisms in the stomach of animals and
human (Kusters, van Vliet et al. 2006). In 1989, Walery Jaworski described spiral organisms in sediment washings of humans. He suggested that these organisms might be
involved with gastric disease (Kidd and Modlin 1998). In 1892, Giulio Bizzozero observed spiral organisms in the stomach of dogs (Mazzarello, Calligaro et al. 2001). Soon afterward, similar spiral bacteria were observed in humans who had peptic ulcer disease or gastric cancer (Krienitz 1906). Although, throughout most of the 20th century, peptic ulcer disease was thought to be a chronic, incurable disease caused by gastric juice corroding vulnerable mucosa; and neutralization of gastric acid was the
mean of disease management. About 20 years ago, Barry Marshall and Robin Warren described the successful isolation and culture of a spiral bacterial species, later known as Helicobacter pylori, from the human stomach (1983). The isolation of curved bacilli from patients with chronic gastritis sparked revolutions in the fields of
gastroenterology, microbiology and molecular biology. Self-ingestion experiments by Marshall (Marshall, Armstrong et al. 1985) and Warren and later experiments with
volunteers (Morris, Ali et al. 1991) demonstrated that these bacteria can colonize the human stomach, thereby inducing inflammation of the gastric mucosa. The etiological
role of these bacteria in the development of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer was considered at that time, and patients were sometimes even treated with high doses of
the antimicrobial compound bismuth (Kusters, van Vliet et al. 2006). Although the initial cultures from patients were negative, accidentally one culture was incubated for 5 days over an Easter holiday and the first colonies were observed in 1982 (Marshall and Warren 1984). They contested the prevailing notion by showing that peptic ulcer
disease is an infectious disease caused by H. pylori. For this revolutionary work, Marshall and Warren were awarded the 2005 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. The
organism was initially named “Campylobacter- like organism,”
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| Date |
2016-09-05
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| Type |
Thesis
NonPeerReviewed |
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| Format |
application/pdf
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| Identifier |
http://www.eprints.iicb.res.in/2618/1/Nillu_Ghosh_Thesis.pdf
Ghosh, Nillu (2016) Role of matrix metalloproteinases and cytokines during Helicobacter pylori infection. PhD thesis, J U . |
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http://www.eprints.iicb.res.in/2618/
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