Grasses and legumes facilitate phytoremediation of metalliferoussoils in the vicinity of an abandoned chromite–asbestos mine
IR@CIMFR: CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Dhanbad
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Title |
Grasses and legumes facilitate phytoremediation of metalliferoussoils in the vicinity of an abandoned chromite–asbestos mine
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Creator |
Singh, Raj Shekhar
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Subject |
Envieronmental Management Group
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Description |
Purpose The present study was carried out in Roro region,
Chaibasa, Jharkhand, India, to assess the impact of chro�mite–asbestos mine waste (CMW) on a nearby
agroecosystem. The role of metal-accumulating grass–legume
association in facilitating phytoremediation was investigated.
Materials and methods Soil and plant samples were collected
from (i) chromite–asbestos mine waste (CMW) with Cynodon
dactylon, Sorghastrum nutans, and Acacia concinna; (ii) con�taminated agricultural soil-1 (CAS1) from a foothill with
Cajanus cajan; (iii) contaminated agricultural soil-2 (CAS2)
distantly located from the hill, cultivated with Oryza sativa
and Zea mays; and (iv) unpolluted control soil (CS). Total
metal concentrations were quantified in both soils and plants
by digesting the samples using HNO3, HF, HClO4 (5:1:1; v/v/
v), and HNO3 and HClO4 (5:1; v/v), respectively, and ana�lyzed under flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry.
Metal grouping and site grouping cluster analysis was execut�ed to group the metals and sampling sites. Translocation factor
(TF) and bioconcentration factor (BCF) were calculated to
determine the phytoremediation efficiency of grasses and
legumes.
Results and discussion Results indicate that total metal con�centrations in the CMW were in the order of Cr>Ni>Mn>
Cu>Pb>Co>Zn>Cd. High concentrations of Cr
(1983 mg kg−1
) and Ni (1293 mg kg−1
) with a very strong
contamination factor were found in the CAS, which exceeds
the soil threshold limits. Further, metal and site grouping clus�ter analysis also revealed that Cr and Ni were closely linked
with each other and the CMW was the main source of con�tamination. Among all the metals, Cr and Ni were mainly
accumulated in grasses (C. dactylon and S. nutans) and le�gumes (A. concinna and C. cajan) as compared to cereals
(Z. mays and O. sativa). The TF of Cr was >1 for grasses.
Except for Zn, the BCF for all the metals were <1 in roots and
shoots of all the plants and cereals.
Conclusions The present study revealed that abandoned
CMW is the source of contamination for agriculture lands.
Phytoremediation relies on suitable plants with metal�scavenging properties. Grass–legume cover (C. dactylon,
S. nutans, A. concinna, and C. cajan) has the ability to
accumulate metals and act as a potential barrier for metal transport, which facilitate the phytoremediation of the CMW. Possibilities for enhancing the barrier function of the grass–legume cover need to be explored with other
low-cost agronomic amendments and the role of
rhizospheric organisms.
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Publisher |
Springer
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Date |
2017-05
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Type |
Article
PeerReviewed |
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Identifier |
Singh, Raj Shekhar (2017) Grasses and legumes facilitate phytoremediation of metalliferoussoils in the vicinity of an abandoned chromite–asbestos mine. J Soils Sediments, 17 (5).
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Relation |
http://cimfr.csircentral.net/2420/
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