Monascus purpureus in relation to statin and sterol production and mutational analysis
IR@CFTRI: CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore
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Relation |
http://ir.cftri.com/9950/
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Title |
Monascus purpureus in relation to
statin and sterol production and mutational analysis
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Creator |
Mohan Kumari, H. P.
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Subject |
04 Fungi
32 Antioxidants |
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Description |
Fermented products of Monascus purpureus are used as traditional natural
dietary supplement in China. It contains monacolins, sterols and unsaturated fatty
acids and believed to decrease serum lipids such as triglycerides and cholesterol.
M. purpureus and mutants isolated in this study were found to produce various
bioactive secondary metabolites like statins, sterols and fatty acids during growth. The
metabolites were characterized after preparatory TLC and HPLC. The fermentation
conditions were optimised for metabolite production. In solid-state cultures, more
quantities of the metabolites were quantitated. The fungi accumulate sterols mainly in
shake flask growth.
Cultural conditions have a significant influence on the yield of statins. The
fungus grown at pH 5.0 at 28º C in a medium made of maltose and peptone as carbon
and nitrogen sources resulted in maximum statin production. Among the two statins
produced by M. purpureus and mutants lovastatin (Monacolin K) was produced in
significant amount. The antioxidant molecule ankaflavin was also characterized by 1H,
13C, 2D HSQC and HMQC NMR, FTIR, MS and UV-visible spectroscopic studies.
L-asparaginase and L-glutaminase activities were comparatively more in the
mutant CFR 410-11 compared to the wild type MTCC 410 and the mutant CFR 410-
22. CFR 410-11 secreted more red pigment when cultured on rice and in broth.
Significant difference in L-asparaginase and L-glutaminase activities in MTCC 410,
CFR 410-11 and CFR 410-22 revealed the importance of these enzymes in pigment
production.
Characterization of compounds that showed applications as functional food
resulted in the safety evaluation of M. purpureus. Only low levels of the nephrotocin
citrinin were estimated in rice fermented by Monascus (RMR). Feeding acute doses of
RMR to rats did not cause any symptoms of toxicity or mortality. Similarly, dietary
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feeding of RMR to rats did not produce any significant changes in food intake or gain
in body weight of the experimental animals and they were comparable to the rats fed
with normal diet (control). No significant differences in the relative weight of vital
organs, hematological parameters, macroscopic and microscopic changes in vital
organs and serum clinical enzyme levels between the experimental and control groups
were determined.
RMR containing lovastatin fed at a concentration of 11.51g/ kg fermented rice
reduced total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) in
high fat diet (HFD) fed rats. The results were similar with reference to serum and
liver. There was no significant difference with regard to the food intake, gain in body
weight and organ weights of rats in different dietary groups. In addition, histological
examinations of liver of hyperlipidemic rats showed decreased lipid accumulation in
red mould rice powder fed rats.
RMR effectively scavenged 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals
(IC50=100μg/ml). RMR affected oxidative stress in male albino rats fed on high fat
diet (HFD) by increasing activities of glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase,
superoxide dismutase and Catalase. It also increases total thiols, glutathione and
ascorbic acid (antioxidants) in rats. Lipid peroxidation was significantly inhibited in
rats fed with RMR compared to rats fed with HFD. Consumption of RMR by rats
induced antioxidant enzymes and molecules to scavenge the reactive oxygen species
(ROS) released due to oxidative stress in rats fed on HFD.
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Contributor |
Vijayalakshmi, G.
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Date |
2009-12
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Type |
Thesis
NonPeerReviewed |
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Format |
application/pdf
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Language |
en
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Rights |
—
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Identifier |
http://ir.cftri.com/9950/1/Mohan_kumari.pdf
Mohan Kumari, H. P. (2009) Monascus purpureus in relation to statin and sterol production and mutational analysis. PhD thesis, University of Mysore. |
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